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Surgical stainless steel Instruments

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Surgical stainless steel is an informal term which refers to certain grades of stainless steel that are used in biomedical applications. The most common "surgical steels" are austenitic 316 stainless and martensitic440 and 420 stainless steels. There is no formal definition on what constitutes a "surgical stainless steel", so product manufacturers and distributors apply the term to refer to any grade of corrosion resistant steel.

316 stainless steel, also referred to as marine grade stainless steel, is a chromium, nickel, molybdenum alloy of steel that exhibits relatively good strength and corrosion resistance. Along with the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, 316 stainless is a common choice of material for biomedical implants. Although Ti6Al4V provides greater strength per weight and corrosion resistance, 316 stainless components can be more economical to produce. However, immune system reaction to nickel is a potential complication of 316.^[1][2] Implants and equipment that are put under pressure (bone fixation screws, prostheses, body piercing jewelry) are made out of austenitic steel, often 316L and 316LVM compliant to ASTM F138,.^[3] 316 surgical steel is used in the manufacture and handling of food and pharmaceutical products where it is often required in order to minimize metallic contamination. ASTM F138^[3]-compliant steel is also used in the manufacture of body piercing jewellery^[4] and body modification implants.

440 and 420 stainless steels, known also by the name "Cutlery Stainless Steel", are high carbon steels alloyed with chromium. They have very good corrosion resistance compared to other cutlery steels, but their corrosion resistance is inferior to 316 stainless. Biomedical cutting instruments are often made from 440 or 420 stainless due to its high hardness coupled with acceptable corrosion resistance.

See also[edit]

• Instruments used in general surgery

References[edit]

1. Jump up^ Thomas, P.; Schuh, A.; Ring, J.; Thomsen, M. (2007). "Orthopädisch-chirurgische Implantate und Allergien" [Orthopedic surgical implants and allergies]. Der Orthopäde (in German) 37 (1): 75–88. doi:10.1007/s00132-007-1183-3.PMID 18210082.
2. Jump up^ Thomas, P.; Thomsen, M. (2010). "Implantatallergien" [Implant allergies]. Der Hautarzt (in German) 61 (3): 255–62; quiz 263–4. doi:10.1007/s00105-009-1907-x. PMID 20204719.
3. ^ Jump up to:^a b ASTM F138 standard
4. Jump up^ Association of Professional Piercers official standards for body jewelry

This article related to medical equipment is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Categories: 

• Biomaterials
• Steels
• Surgical instruments
• Medical equipment stubs

List of orthopedic implants

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

An orthopedic implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing joint or bone or to support a damaged bone.^[1] The medical implant is mainly fabricated using stainless steel and titanium alloys for strength and the plastic coating that is done on it acts as an artificial cartilage.^[2] Internal fixation is an operation in orthopedics that involves the surgical implementation of implants for the purpose of repairing a bone.^[3][4] Among the most common types of medical implants are the pins, rods, screws and plates used to anchor fractured bones while they heal.^[5]

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1Eponymous implants and their uses
• 2Branded Systems
• 3Image gallery
• 4References
• 5See also

Eponymous implants and their uses[edit]

• Austin-Moore prosthesis : for fracture of the neck of femur^[6]
• Baksi's prosthesis : for elbow replacement^[7]
• Charnley prosthesis : for total hip replacement^[8]
• Condylar blade plate : for condylar fractures of femur^[9]
• Ender's nail : for fixing inter-trochanteric fracture^[10]
• Grosse-Kempf (GK) nail : for tibial or femoral shaft fracture ^[11]
• Harrington rod: for fixation of the spine ^[12]
• Hartshill rectangle : for fixation of the spine^[13]
• Insall Burstein prosthesis : for total knee replacement ^[14]
• Richard N.W. Wohns interspinous implant and implantation instrument : intended to be implanted between two adjacent dorsal spines^[15]
• Kirschner wire : for fixation of small bones ^[16]
• Kuntscher nail : for fracture of the shaft of femur^[17]
• Luque rod : for fixation of the spine^[18]
• Moore's pin : for fracture of the neck of femur
• Neer's prosthesis : for shoulder replacement^[19]
• Rush nail : for diaphyseal fractures of long bone ^[20]
• Smith Peterson (SP) nail : for fracture of the neck of femur
• Smith Peterson nail with McLaughlin's plate : for inter-trochanteric fracture
• Seidel nail : for fracture of the shaft of humerus ^[21]
• Souter's prosthesis : for elbow replacement^[22]
• Steffee plate : for fixation of the spine^[23]
• Steinmann pin : for skeletal traction^[24]
• Swanson prosthesis : for the replacement of joints of the fingers^[25]
• Talwalkar nail : for fracture of radius and ulna^[26]
• Thompson prosthesis : for fracture of the neck of femur^[27]

Branded Systems[edit]

		DePuy Synthes	Stryker	Smith & Nephew	Biomet	Orthofix	Zimmer	Acumed
Elective	Total Hip Replacement		Exeter Accolade
	Hip hemiarthroplasty
	Hip resurfacing			Birmingham
	Total Knee Replacement		Triathlon Scorpio	Journey Legion Genesis II
	Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty[28]				Oxford
	Shoulder/Elbow/Ankle Replacement
Trauma	Femoral Nail	Expert LFN/RAFN/ALFN PFNA TFN	Gamma nail[29]
	Tibial Nail	Expert tibia nail	T2 tibia nail
	External fixation		Hoffmann II	Taylor spatial frame Ilizarov JET-X		TrueLok Hex Galaxy

Image gallery[edit]

This section contains a gallery of images. Galleries containing indiscriminate images of the article subject are discouraged; please improve or remove the section accordingly, moving freely licensed images to Wikimedia Commons if not already hosted there. (August 2012)

• 

  Moore's pin
 
• 

  Austin Moore prostheses
 
• 

  Steinman pins
 
• 

  Shans pin
 
• 

  Rush nail
 
• 

  Buttress plates

References[edit]

1. Jump up^ "Orthopedic Implants". Wordpress. Retrieved 12 August 2012.^{[unreliable medical source?]}
2. Jump up^ "About Orthopedic Implants". Wordpress. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
3. Jump up^ "General Principles of Internal Fixation". E-Medicine.
4. Jump up^ "Internal Fixation Definition". MedicineNet. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
5. Jump up^ Lakatos, Ronald. "History of fracture treatment". Medscape. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
6. Jump up^ Stinchfield, Frank E.; Cooperman, Bernard; Shea, Cyril E. (1957). "Replacement of the Femoral Head by Judet or Austin Moore Prosthesis". The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 39–A (5): 1043–58. PMID 13475404.
7. Jump up^ Baksi, D. P.; Pal, A. K.; Chatterjee, N. D.; Baksi, Debadyuti (2008). "Prosthetic replacement of elbow in postburn bony ankylosis: Long-term results". International Orthopaedics 33 (4): 1001–7. doi:10.1007/s00264-008-0595-y. PMC 2898993. PMID 18629497.
8. Jump up^ Neumann, Lars; Freund, Knud Gade; Sørensen, K. Harry (1996). "Total Hip Arthroplasty with the Charnley Prosthesis in Patients Fifty-five Years Old and Less. Fifteen to Twenty-one-Year Results". The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 78 (1): 73–9. PMID 8550682.
9. Jump up^ Kinast, C; Bolhofner, BR; Mast, JW; Ganz, R (1989). "Subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. Results of treatment with the 95 degrees condylar blade-plate". Clinical orthopaedics and related research (238): 122–30.doi:10.1097/00003086-198901000-00019. PMID 2910593.
10. Jump up^ Walters, Johan; Schepherd-Wilson, William; Lyons, Timothy; Close, Roger (1990). "Femoral shaft fractures treated by Ender nails using a trochanteric approach". The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 72 (1): 14–8.PMID 2298773.
11. Jump up^ Dodenhoff, R. M.; Dainton, J. N.; Hutchins, P. M. (1997). "Proximal Thigh Pain after Femoral Nailing: Causes and Treatment". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 79 (5): 738–41. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.79B5.7345.PMID 9331026.
12. Jump up^ "Harrington Rod". National scoliosis foundation. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
13. Jump up^ Dove, J (1986). "Internal fixation of the lumbar spine. The Hartshill rectangle". Clinical orthopaedics and related research (203): 135–40. doi:10.1097/00003086-198602000-00016. PMID 3955975.
14. Jump up^ Kocmond, JH; Delp, SL; Stern, SH (1995). "Stability and range of motion of Insall-Burstein condylar prostheses. A computer simulation study". The Journal of arthroplasty 10 (3): 383–8. doi:10.1016/s0883-5403(05)80189-5. PMID 7673919.
15. Jump up^ "Interspinous Implant And Implantation Instrument". Freshpatents.com. Retrieved 2015-05-15.
16. Jump up^ Franssen, BBJM. "Kischner Wire". Retrieved 12 August 2012.^{[unreliable medical source?]}
17. Jump up^ Harrold, A J (1982). "Kuntscher's nails for femoral fractures". BMJ 285 (6353): 1446.doi:10.1136/bmj.285.6353.1446. PMC 1500600. PMID 6814595.
18. Jump up^ McMaster, Michael J. (1991). "Luque rod instrumentation in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A comparative study with Harrington instrumentation". The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 73 (6): 982–9.PMID 1955449.
19. Jump up^ Kenesi, C; Tallineau, C (1992). "Shoulder prosthesis". Chirurgie; memoires de l'Academie de chirurgie 118 (3): 166–9; discussion 169–70. PMID 1339724.
20. Jump up^ Barry, M; Paterson, JM (2004). "A flexible intramedullary nails for fractures in children". The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 86 (7): 947–53. doi:10.1302/0301-620x.86b7.15273. PMID 15446515.
21. Jump up^ "Definition of Smith Pearson nail". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
22. Jump up^ Ikävalko, M.; Lehto, M. U. K.; Repo, A.; Kautiainen, H.; Hämäläinen, M. (2002). "The Souter-Strathclyde elbow arthroplasty". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 84 (1): 77–82. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.84B1.11848. PMID 11838445.
23. Jump up^ Temple, HT; Kruse, RW; Van Dam, BE (1994). "Lumbar and lumbosacral fusion using Steffee instrumentation". Spine 19 (5): 537–41. doi:10.1097/00007632-199403000-00008. PMID 8184347.
24. Jump up^ "Definition of Steinmann Pin". The Free Medical Dictionary. Farex.
25. Jump up^ van Cappelle, Henk G. J.; Deutman, Robert; van Horn, Jim R. (2001). "Use of the Swanson Silicone Trapezium Implant for Treatment of Primary Osteoarthritis : Long-Term Results". The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 83–A (7): 999–1004. PMID 11451968.
26. Jump up^ Talwalkar, AK; Talwalkar, OA (1967). "Treatment of simple fractures of radius and ulna with internal fixation without external support". Singapore medical journal 8 (3): 160–6. PMID 5587806.
27. Jump up^ Chan, RN; Hoskinson, J (1975). "Thompson prosthesis for fractured neck of femur. A comparison of surgical approaches". The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 57 (4): 437–43. PMID 1194309.
28. Jump up^ Borus T, Thornhill T (January 2008). "Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty". J Am Acad Orthop Surg 16 (1): 9–18. PMID 18180388.
29. Jump up^ Halder, SC (1992). "The Gamma nail for peritrochanteric fractures". The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume 74 (3): 340–4. PMID 1587873.

See also[edit]

• CNT Bio-Stress Sensors
• View Orthopedic Implants by Body Parts